Last-turning machine.



B. A. EASTMAN.

LAST TURNING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED M120, 1913.

Patented July 21, 1914.

3 SHEETSSHBET 1.

E. A. EASTMAN. LAST TURNING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAR.20,1913.

Patented July 21, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

E. A. EASTMAN. LAST TURNING MACHINE.

l/vblmemo mww f mw great-accuracy '-necessary to wmeetv the de-:

ESTATES Parana; onrron muses EASTMAL'LDF DAYTON, 01110, ASSIGNOBQEQNE-HALE TO THE cmwnoxn mcenneon AND CANBY 00., or na romonmAcomaonaTIoN .or .0310. A

. Applicationfiled March 20,

To (lllwhWl/it may concern:

Be 'it known that I, :EARNEsm'A. EAST-1\[AN,a citizen-sot -the-=UnitednStates, 'residingrsat- Dayton,- in ther=c( unty 20f. Montgoaneryand State of Ohio, have inventedcertain'xnew and useful Improvements in ;Last-Turning-. Machines; of which theipfollowing is a specifications-t invention; relates to WOOd t1n"ning*maichines and particularly to lathes #for 'turn-t ingirregulanshapes.

The machine hereindescribed is especiallyadapted for-iturning shoe lasts; heads=;-fo1'-:- golf sticks, gun sto'cksandwother: articles of similar, irregular: formation;

The object of. the invention -i s to simplify the strunture as well as the meansand modeof operation of such machines whereby they Willmot only be: zche'apenediniconstnmticni butmvill be more'eificientw-in. use, automatic; in their=action5 easily: and.-quickly adjusted-:- and unlikely: to. et outpf repaint:

Shce-lastsof t 1e extremes-shapes necessary to meet the requirements-in: manufacturing. shoesof -:the present istyles; :termednin ':the'= tradez as thin vcomb lasts',r*haue the curvaturesloneach side of the last:so-'pronounced" that theordinary last turning machines vcan 1 notlproducesuchcurvesu One-of the-primary objeotszof the pres+ ent-invention1is to provide a 'machinenby'rwhich lasts embodying suoh' extremevcurvatures :may be automatically tturned With.-

mands of the-trade. To accomplish this there. must 1 be employed a cutternhead of sufliciently small "size 'to' -entereand follow thelines :of such curvatnresa The last block fron1-:-"u-hich'the-finished product is to be turned, is necessarily much larger-thanthe:- last-v to be producedto. allow for the extreme type of comb. This-last block of greatvsize cutter head, which is neoessary" to producei the extreme curvatures-required: In :orderthat-it shall not be necessary: to'opera-te'the small cutter headto produce-1a out of the: 'extremedepth, which whenv'the small cutter is at its'ext'reme' depth in the eurve,=rmight cause it to back cuter cut-acrossthe center, thereby either stopping the cutter head or perhaps breaking .the :cutterand-spoiling the work, it hasbecome t-he custom-t0 take a 'msrmmmue macnmrr;

s ecification of- Letters Patent: Patented 'Ju'ly 213'191'4L" 1913,--.SeriaL. Noa 755,862

7 of -a roughing cutter. JnThi's' necessitates two separate operations: r:-Fi1st the'i roughingof the lasbwbloclnby *means 'ofa largericutter head and'sthen-wtheretuming ion the finishing:

cut talrennby the smaller'outterrhead These operations are usually performed upon 'separate?anaehines; 'therelory' involving increased expenseaand labor.

A. -further objectoftherinvention is toprovadem :turmng umanhi-ne in which "both heads iareficomhmedn andwonk" simultane ously',:'then0ughing1cutter operating slightly: 1n advance-of the-finishing ucutter. Inn's much as the: -'finishing mutter is :directly .con'

trolledv by the masterwform, it 'has'--heret-o forebeenfouznd when: attempting to'- employ uptmthesamelmachineg that: asth'e finishing cutter' enters'one ef. the recesses of extreme-- curvaturego then'roughi-ng cutter in advance theneod wasnequully-permitted to make-a cut of too gneat/adeptli- This pa rticula'rly occurs atwthe time sthie finishing cutter is operating upon ithenunvature' across-the toe of the"4last;-, at. which time the .aroughing cut ter af opemtmg too far: in vadvance of the finishing cutter;-=-willuc11t-:too deeply intothe comb of theslastg th'reby destroying the n" ished' productwflo iobviatewthisyit-has been found necessary. to operate the-cutter heads- Very-"closely one to-th'e otheru .To provide tion.

\Vith -'the"above"prin1ary and other inci- 1 dental objects in View, 3S' 'Wlll more fully I appear 1 in the"- 'specification, the" invention consist-s otth'efeatures of construction and their combinations thereof and the mode ofoperationior their equivalents; as hereinafter described and set-:forth' in the-claims.

Referringxto' theidrawinggi-Fi gure' '1 is a front elevaitiomiof a shoe: last turning .ma-

chineyernbodying' the invention; Fig. :2 is a detail: plan: :view of the last turning machine With. the uppen'astructure: removed Figs; 3 and are a-side elevationanda transverse sectional wiew *respectively illustrating the driving o'comiectlons of -the cutter heads.

Figs." 5 and -.6 are detail end elevationsand plan .riews'nespectiyelyymf the cutterhead-s.

Like parts are indicated bysimilar characters of reference throughout the several views.

While the present invention relates marily. to thecutter heads in their relation one with the other, together with their driving connections, in order to illustrate the 7 vention has been applied. This last turning machine comprises a bed portion 1 supported upon legs 2 and from which projectsupright standards 3 connected one with the other and suitably braced to form a rigid, main frame.

Pivotally supported uponforward extending arms 4, carried by the upright stands ards 3, is a swinging frame comprisingpendant arms 5 connected by transverse bars 6 and suitably braced into a. rigid structure, which is free to oscillate forwardand rearward about its pivotal connections 7 Carried, upon suitable trunnions, journaled in bearing bars 8, is the revoluble master form 9. The drive trunnion of the master form, carriesa gear pinion 10, meshing. with a corresponding pinion 11; upon'a counter shaft 12. This counter shaft 12 carries a second pinion 13 meshing with a. corresponding pinion 14, uppn the-drive spindle or trunnion 15,-with which is engaged with the last block or other work to be operated upon. The counter shaft 12 carries at its extremity a. pulley 17, connected by a belt 18 with a;

counter shaft 19, operatively "connected:

through sundry belts and counter shafts with the main drive shaft 20 journaled in the lower part of the main frame. By the rotation of the main drive shaft 20, thecounter shaft 12- is rotated to revolve the 4 .master form 9 and the work 16 in unison.

This revoluble movement of the master form and work continues at a uniform rate,

". .-regardless of the oscillatory movement of the swinging frame.

Slidingly mounted to reciprocate upon the bed 1, is a sliding head 21, carrying a master or guide wheel 22, engaging the master form 9, and a second slidin head'23, carrying the cutter heads, which orm the subject matter hereof and which operate upon the work 16, journaled. in the swinging frame and rotated by the counter shaft 12. These slid- 1 ing heads 21 and 23 move in unison under the influence of feed devices 24.

The swinging frame at all times tends to move inward which movement is arrested by the engagement of the master form 9 with the guide or master wheel 22. As the master form 9 is rotated, the portions thereof at greater or less distances from the axis, broug t into engagement with the master or guide wheel, causes the swinging frame to'oscillate to shift the work 16 to or from the cutter heads, causing said cutter heads to operate at greater or less depth in the" last block or rough stock.

The sliding movement of the heads 21 and 23, causes the master wheel or guide wheel .22 to successively e age every portion of the master form 9, t e cutter heads, being moved in unison with the-master or guide wheel 22, are caused to operate upon every portion of the blockor rough stock, whereby there is produced a finished product which is the counter part of the master form' 9. This is the usual construction and operation of turning machines of this type, and initself forms no part of the present invention.

J ournaled in suitable uprights or standards 24:, carried by. the head 23, are two parallel shafts 25 and 26. Uponthe shaft 26 there is carried a head 27, provided with ,a plurality of curved or spoon shaped cutter blades 28. These blades 28 are removably carried in the head 27 and may be disengaged for sharpening, repairs-or replacement. This head 27 and its cutting blade 28, comprises the roughing or advance cutter. Carried upon the shaft 25 is the finishing cutter head comprising a lurality of semicircular blades 29, the curvature of these blades and the diameter of the finishing head corresponds with the external dimensions of the master or guide wheel 22.

As shown in Figs. 2 and 6, the finishing cutter head is set as close tothe working line of the roughing cutter head as is pracrtical. In actual practice ithas been found feasible to operate the roughing cutter head 27 a distance of substantially one sixteenth of an inch in advance bf the finishing head. The impact of the cutting blades breaks the material through the intervening one sixteenth of an inch space, causing the path of operation .of the large cutter head to merge into that of the small cutter head, made simultaneously therewith. This roughing cutter head blades 28' are prefer ably of different lengths, each succeeding blade about the periphery of the heads be ing of slightly greater length than the preceding blade, wherebyeach succeeding bladewill cut slightly deeper into the work. It is to be noted that the shafts 25 and 26 are arranged at an inclination to the axis of rotation of the work. The oscillation of the work to and from the cutter head is in accordance with the cut to be made by the finishing head regardless of the roughing cutter. If the roughing cutter is set too far ahead of the finishing cutter it will destroy the work by cutting too deeply into portions of the block where a shallow out should be taken. This is due to the fact that the depth of o eration of the roughing head is controlle in unison with the cut of the finishing head. By arranging the heads side by side, as shown inthe drawings, and so related one with the other, as to permit their crating points to be closely adjacent, this di iculty is obviated. It is to be understood that the cutter heads are moved parallel with the axis of rotation of the i work. This is accomplished by the shifting movement of the sliding carrier head 23 before mentioned. The finishing head and the roughing cutter head are rotated at different rates of speed. In practice .it has been found most desirable to rotate the roughing cutter head at the rate of approximately six thousand revolutions per min-- ute, while the finishing cutter head rotates carrier 23.. This shaft 33 is arranged at'an angle with the axis of the rotation of the work and coincide with the inclination of the cutter. head shafts 25 and 26. On account of the great difference of the diameters of the driving drum 30 and the driven pulley 32 and the variation or inclination of the axis of the shaft 33 with the drive shaft- 20, in order to maintain operative engagement between the belt 31 and the pulley 33, there are provided on opposite sides of the pulley 33, idle pulleys 35-.and 36. The shaft 33 carries two pulleys 37 and 38 con nected by belts 39 and 40, with corresponding pulleys upon thecutter head shafts 25 and 26 respectively. Thus both cutter head shafts are driven from the same counter a shaft 33, the difference in the rate of rotation being due to variations in the relative slzes of the pulleys carried by such .said

shafts 33, 25 and 26. As the carrier head 23 is shifted longitudinally, the belt 31 will move therewith, 'engagmg successively different portions of the drum 30.

In the modification of the driving connection as illustrated in- Figs. 7, 8 and 9, the counter shaft 33 and its pulleys are omitted from the sliding head 23 and the driving drum 30 is belted. direct to the pulley 41 upon the cutter head shaft 26. On ac-' count of the great, variation in the diameter I of the drive drum-30 and the pulley 41,

idler'pulleys 42 and 43' are provided to insure operative engagement between the driving belt and the pulley 41. In this construction the cutter head shaft 26 carries at its extremity a pulley 44, while the shaft 25 is provided with a similar pulley 45.. A driving belt 46 operatively. engages the pulleys 44 and 45, passing over the idler pulleys 47 and 48 intermediate said pulleys 44 and 45 to insure the operative engagement of the belt with said pulleys. The pulleys 41, 44 and 45 are proportioned in relation one with the other and with the driving drum 30, whereby the desired relative speed of rotation of the shafts 25 and 26 is attained. 'The small or finishing cut-. ter head may be of any desired construction. The'preferred form of'cutter, however, comprises a rectangular head, having oppositely disposed beveled edges to the alternate beveled faces of which are attached the semicircular cutting blades 29.

By the construction herein described, the roughing cutter head removes the surplus stock to an' approximate form slightly in advance of the finishing cutter head, which reduces the approximate form to a shape corresponding exactly with the master form.

The two cutter heads operating in planes so closely adjacent, one with the other, are

capable of being controlled by the master or guide wheel common to both the cutter heads, which is not permissible when the cutter heads operate in more widely separated planes.

From theabove description it will be apparent that there is thus provided a device of the character described, possessing the particular features of advantage before enu Inc-rated as desirable, but which obviously is susceptible.. of modification in its form,

proportion, detail construction or arrangement of parts, w thout departing from the principle involved or sacrificing any of its advantages; I 1

While in order tocomply with the statute,

the invention has been described in language more or less specific as to certain structural features, it isto. be' understood that the invention is not limited to any specific details,

but that. the means and construction herein described comprise but one mode of putting the invention into effect, and the invention ,is therefore. claimedbroadly in any of its possible forms or modifications within the Y scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim, I

1. In a wood working machine, a support for the work toi be operated upon, a travelinghead, two parallel shafts carried by the head and arranged at an inclination to the direction of travel of the head, cutter heads of difi'erentdiameters carried by said shafts and rotatingin parallel adjacent planes, the larger of the heads being located slightly in advance of the smaller head, and means to rotate the heads. I

2. In a wood working machine, a support for the work, a traveling head, two revoluble cutter heads carried'by the traveling head and rotating in parallel adjacent planes in-' I clined in relation with the path of travel of.

7 heads being such that-the inoperative sidecutting point of the head, the relative positions of the cutter simultaneously therewith.

Y 4:. In a wood working machine,la support for the work, a traveling head, two eccentrically mounted revoluble cutter heads carried by the traveling head and rotating in parallel planes the heads being so located in relation one with the other, that the simultaneous paths of operation of the two outters will merge one into the other.

5. In a wood working machine, a support for the work, a traveling head, two cutter heads carried thereby rotating at different rates of speed in parallel planes inclined to the path of travel of the traveling head, the planes of rotation of the heads being so relatively locatedthat the,path of operation of one head will merge into'the simultaneous path of operation of the other head.

6. In a last turningmachine, the combination of a frame, a laterally'movable support for the \model and work, a longitudinally movable carriage, a pair of shafts mounted on the carriage at an oblique angle to the line of the bearings of said work, a cutter ,head on each shaft, means to revolve said shafts in the same direction, radial blades mounted on the "outer cutter head and extending across the central line of the inner cutter head, and curved blades mountedon the inner head to engage the work in difl'erent l'planes longitudinally of the axis of the wor 7. In a'last turning machine, the co bin'a tion of arframe, a laterally movable s pport for the model and the work, a longitudinally movable slide mounted 'on the frame, a pair of parallel shafts mounted on the slide at an oblique angle to the line of movement of their support and of the movement ofjt e work support, a cutter head mounted on each shaft, a series of cutter blades mounted on each head, the blades of each head forming steps, and the blades of one head extending across the central line of the shaft of the other head.

- 8. In a'last turning machine, the combination of a frame, a laterally movable support for the model and work, a longitudinally movable slide mounted on the frame, a pair of parallel shafts mounted on the slide in the same plane with, but at an oblique angle to the line of the work, a cutter head mounted on each shaft, a series of cutter blades on each head, and means to secure said blades to said heads in such a manner that each blade will engagethe work in a separate transverse plane. 1

9. In a pattern lathe, means for rotat ng the work, a roughing cutter and a finishing cutter eccentrically mounted to rotate in parallel planes closely adjacent one to the other a and engaging the same side of the work, said cutters being of difierent diameters whereby the larger cutter will pro ect be yond the center line of the small cutter.

my hand this 17th day of March, 1913.

EARNES'I A. EASTMAN. Witnesses: v

HARRY F. NOLAN,

, Buss GRoAsMAN.

In testimonywhereof, I have hereunto'set- 

